Chelmsford in the first week of WW1
On 6 August
1914 the Prime Minister stated that he hoped to raise half a
million men to add to the strength of the army.
On 7 August 1917 The Chelmsford Chronicle reported that
'Chelmsford is outwardly calm, but the tremendous interest in the war is shown by the large assemblies outside the newspaper offices waiting for the latest telegrams'The County Territorial Offices are a hive
of activity.
The National Reserves of all the county
have been called up and all Wednesday and yesterday they were
pouring into the town and presenting themselves at the
Territorial Offices, where they underwent medical examination
before being allocated to Regular and Territorial Units.
The men displayed a splendidly patriotic
spirit, and eagerly took the change of again serving their
country.
All the Territorials have been mobilised in
rapid and smooth fashion and the response to the call has been
splendid.
On every main road motor vehicles of all
descriptions are to be met conveying troops and despatch riders
are speeding through the town'.
Chelmsford cattle market was opened specifically to deal with horses which had been requisitioned for use in the army for pulling freight, guns, ambulance wagons etc.
as well of for Yeomanry cavalry.
Hoffmans
The Steam Car Company and the Arc
Works were on their annual holiday but 200 men from Hoffmans , 100 from Arc Works and 40 from the Steam Car Company were included in those reserves mobilised. This meant that management had to make plans to deliver the sudden new Government orders for war goods with many fewer men to work.
Territorial Forces
Most of the work centred on the County
Territorial Association Offices at Chelmsford which were run by
the Director Colonel F F Johnson CB and his staff Col M V
Hilton, Hon Sec recruiting committee and Alderman J O Thompson,
Hon Sec National Reserve for Witham & Chelmsford.
Other staff included Col H N Crozier VD,
Major A Bennett Bamford VD, Col G H Coleman VD, Captain W G
Wenley, Major Fred Taylor DL, VD of 5th Essex and Surgeon
Captain Storrs.
Essex Yeomanry
The Essex Yeomanry completed their
embodiment on 6 August 1914 and were ready for service.
Guards were doubled at the Magazine Stores
at Warley Barracks
Emergency Hospital
Chelmsford VAD ( Voluntary Aid Detachment)
were granted the use of Chelmsford Corn Exchange as a hospital
in the case of need.
Braintree Reservists
The Chelmsford Chronicle reported
Stirring scenes were witnessed at Braintree
railway station on Wednesday morning when about 100 reservists
made their departure to rejoin the colours.
A crowd of about a thousand people
assembled to cheer the reserves and the men embraced former
companion in arms when they met and danced with glee about the
platforms, but there were weeping women and children in the
crowd.
and possibly more in tune with what was to
come. A vey pathetic scene was witnessed at Dunmow Station on
Wednesday. The young wife of a reservist called up for the war
first became hysterical and then fainted. As her hsuband hurried
off his wife was carried insensible away.
Strike Over
Immediately war was declared the farmers agreed to agricultural workers demands for
eight pounds during harvest and 15shillings per week after the harvest and reinstatement of all men sacked during the strike. The harvest which will be important to the war effort will now be brought in.
Suffragettes
Miss Ethel Thompson from Brentwood who was
the local leader of the suffragettes called of the action for
the duration of the war instructing her members to consider how
best they can help their community.
Marconi
Marconi promised that the seventy men who
were called on to serve in the Army or Navy would have their job
reserved for the duration of the war.
Health Insurance
Contributions for the National Health
Insurance were halved from the normal 3 pence per week for
reservists and volunteers to the Territorial Forces.
AA
The Automobile Association asked its 92
thousand members to consider placing their cars and motorcycles
at the disposal of the military and arranged to pass on any
offers to the War Office in London.
Food
Due to panic buying there were some
shortages of food in Essex shops. Bacon, cheese and sugar all
went up by 2 pence a pound, rice, butter and biscuits went up 1
pence a pound and tinned food sold out quickly.
Bread prices rose and corn merchants expressed fears for the future as supplies mainly came from Russia and Argentine.